ADAR 2013
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The English equivalents are inexact Nisan mostly corresponds to part of March and part of April Nisan occurs in Neh 2 Est 8 The Or form Niri Ni occurs in 1 Es 56 Ad Est l1 and often in Josephus The Macedonian Xan thicut is found in 2 Mac nM w 38 The first month in the Babylonian year is ni ta a it nu from nesu Heb D3 to move or start It is the opening month of the ecclesiastical year That the vernal equinox occurred in Nisan is attested by Josephus Ant I x o and also in cuneiform literature Muss Arnolt p 77 Nisan corresponded to the first zodiacal sign Aries in which the vernal equinox fell That Josephus frequently uses the Macedonian names as equivalent to the Heb Bab does not imply that he thought that the two genes of months began on identical days 12 Adar tik Ai orpos February March Freq in Earth worms Mishna Shekalim i etc AGO 1 Mao 713 Jos Ant iv viii 49 etc Bab addaru Delitzsch derives from a root to be dark in contrast to ant It was says Muss Arnolt the name of this month that induced former investigators to derive the Heb names from Persian for Adar is also a Persian month name See Benfey Monattnamen einvrer alter Volkrr The intercalated month was a second Adar Heb W TIK Megilla i 4 or TIKI iv Weeks and Days The week of seven days i3T is an obvious derivative of the lunar month for the week corresponds roughly to the phases of the moon The discrepancy would not affect the Hebrew week for there is no indication that the new moon in historical times coincided with the beginning of the week The Assyrians and Babylonians knew the seven day week and the week began with the moon whereas the Hebrew week ran regularly through the whole year especially when the weekly Sabbath replaced the new moon in importance as a sacred day Nowack ii 215 unnecessarily assumes that the Israelites probably borrowed the week from the Babylonians He with others see Holzinger on Ex 123 detects 2 Iyyar i Apre iiffios April May Not named in Scripture but found in Mishna Routt Ilathana i 3 Jos Ant vm iii 1 Ia Ili pomyutt 27 E cf Bab aa ru Derivation uncertain perhaps connected with TK to be bright so Delitzsch or T to send forth open germinate whence aiu flower so Muss Arnolt This would make the meaning equivalent to Zip and April aperire The MegUtalh Tdanith identifies Iyyar with the 2nd month mentioned in 1 Mac 13&1 The DIoscorinthluB of 2 Mac ll21 is quite obscure cf note in RVm It is barely probable that the author wrote Dior ci ntN the reading of 6 L the name of the third Cretan month see Kamphausen's note in Kautzsch's Apokr ad loc
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